IARD Health and Policy Reviews offer a referenced overview of recent peer-reviewed, published research on the relationship between alcohol consumption and health outcomes, or on the impact of policy measures on drinking patterns and outcomes. They are not intended to be exhaustive representations of all scientific research on a given subject and, as research is constantly evolving, they might not include the most recent findings.
Video: How does IARD develop its Health Reviews?
Video: Understanding study designs in health research
These materials do not necessarily reflect the views of IARD or its member companies. The reviews report the findings of the referenced studies and are not intended to advise individuals about their drinking. People with specific questions about their drinking are encouraged to consult a healthcare professional. Together, they can determine what is best for that individual based on individual risk factors, including family history, genetics, and lifestyle. For some people, the better choice may be to not drink at all.
IARD Health and Policy Reviews should be read in their entirety and not misrepresented or taken out of context.
This review was withdrawn according to IARD's policy on archiving outdated research material. If you have any queries about the withdrawn review please contact science@iard.org Archived: February 2026
Read MoreThis review was withdrawn according to IARD's policy on archiving outdated research material. If you have any queries about the withdrawn review please contact science@iard.org Archived: February 2026
Read MoreThis review was withdrawn according to IARD's policy on archiving outdated research material. If you have any queries about the withdrawn review please contact science@iard.org Archived: February 2026
Read MoreThis review was withdrawn according to IARD's policy on archiving outdated research material. If you have any queries about the withdrawn review please contact science@iard.org Archived: February 2026
Read MoreThis review was withdrawn according to IARD's policy on archiving outdated research material. If you have any queries about the withdrawn review please contact science@iard.org Archived: February 2026
Read MoreThis IARD Health Review aims to summarize the literature on the relationship between heavy alcohol consumption and alcohol-related liver disease, which includes alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic cirrhosis.Last reviewed: May 2015IARD Health Reviews offer a referenced overview ...
Read More
© 2026 International Alliance for Responsible Drinking
IARD’s members and the members of its Partnership Council are a diverse group of organizations with a variety of viewpoints. They might not necessarily agree on all or any subjects. Any statements, findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed on this website do not reflect the policies or views of all IARD members or the organizations they represent, unless explicitly stated. However, all members agree on and support IARD’s mission of reducing the harmful use of alcohol.
The resources on this website are not intended as health advice to individuals about their drinking. People with specific questions about their drinking are encouraged to consult a healthcare professional. Together, they can determine what is best for that individual, based on individual risk factors, including family history, genetics, and lifestyle. For some people, the better choice may be to not drink at all.
